Ivan Kostov

At a glance

Quelle: Wikipedia: Ivan Kostov¹

Early career

Kostov graduated in economics from the Karl Marx Higher Institute of Economics in Sofia in 1974. He later earned a PhD in mathematical modelling of economic processes from Sofia University and worked as an associate professor at Sofia Technical University. After the fall of Bulgaria’s communist leader Todor Zhivkov, he became an economic expert for the Union of Democratic Forces (UDF).¹

Kostov entered parliament in 1990 as a member of the 7th Grand National Assembly. He served as finance minister in the governments of Dimitar Popov, from Dezember 1990 to Oktober 1991, and Filip Dimitrov, from November 1991 to Dezember 1992. In 1994, he became chairman of the UDF.¹

Prime minister

After mass protests during the winter of 1996–1997, amid hyperinflation, unemployment and food shortages, the UDF won the Mai 1997 election. Kostov became prime minister, and his cabinet served a full four-year term. His government introduced a currency board, removed price controls and carried out large-scale privatisation. Bulgaria also began accession talks with the European Union, which it joined on 1. Januar 2007.¹

Kostov’s government pursued integration with the EU and NATO. During the Kosovo War, it allowed NATO, but not Russia, to use Bulgarian airspace. The decision faced strong opposition in Bulgaria and daily protest marches led by the Bulgarian Socialist Party. His government arranged for refugees from Kosovo to be temporarily settled in the Republic of Macedonia.¹

Later politics

Media reports during Kostov’s rule alleged widespread corruption, but none of the allegations were proven. Critics also challenged the sale of state enterprises below the value of their assets. The government said some of the companies were bankrupt and in liquidation, and that sales could preserve jobs. The country’s current-account balance began to grow negative.¹

The UDF lost the Juni 2001 election. Kostov resigned as party chairman and later left the UDF. In 2004, he founded Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria (DSB), which he chaired until Juni 2013. He was an MP from 1990 to 2013. In 2010, he and the DSB supported a constitutional fiscal rule limiting the annual budget deficit to 2 % of GDP; parliament adopted the proposal in November. He is married to Elena Kostova and enjoys tennis and chess.¹